门: 鳃曳动物门
纲: 古蠕虫纲
目：未定
科:帽天山科
属：帽天山属
种: 圆筒帽天山虫
描述:
虫体可以分成前部的吻和躯干两部分。吻部是由分布吻刺的内翻体、光滑的颈环和咽齿排列整齐的外翻的咽部组成。内翻体的后部没有吻刺，与躯干宽度一致，但是由于缺少环节可与躯干区分。细长的躯干有明显的、分布相对稀疏的环节，大约3-4个每厘米。躯干表面均匀分布小的骨板，基本等大，直径为15-20µm。骨板的形状不规则，每个骨板的凸出上表面有4个瘤点。躯干末端钝圆，没有环节，并且分布一对粗壮弯曲的钩状刺。消化道是直的，相对狭窄，大部分保存为扁平的黑色薄膜，沉积物填充经常在消化道的后部观察到。
Phylum: Priapulida
Class: Palaeoscolecida
Order：uncertain
Family:Maotianshaniidae
Genus：Maotianshania
Specie: Maotianshania cylindrica
Description:
The relatively elongate body can be divided into an anterior proboscis and a trunk. The proboscis is composed of an introvert with scalids, a smooth collar, and an everted pharynx with neatly arranged pharyngeal teeth. The posterior part of the introvert is devoid of scalids and is as wide as the trunk, but it can be distinguished from the latter due to the lack of annuli. The elongate trunk has well‐marked, relatively wide annuli(3-4 per millimeter). The surface of the trunk is uniformly covered by tiny sclerites, which are nearly equal in size, ranging from 15 to 20 µm in diameter. The shape of individual sclerites is irregular, and four nodes are present at the convex upper surface of each. The posterior end of the trunk is bluntly rounded, lacking annuli and terminating in a pair of strong, curved hooks. The alimentary canal is straight, comparatively narrow, and largely preserved as a flattened black film, but sediment infill is frequently observed in the posterior part of the gut.
时代：寒武系第二统第三阶Eoredlichia-Wutingaspis带
主要产地: 中国云南省东部澄江动物群（筇竹寺组玉案山段）
Age:Cambrian Series 2, Stage 3, Eoredlichia-Wutingaspis Zone
Principal localities: Chengjiang biota(Yu’anshan Member of the Chiungchussu Formation), eastern Yunnan Province, China
Sun Wei‐guo & Hou Xian‐guang. 1987. Early Cambrian worms from Chengjiang, Yunnan, China: Maotianshania sp. nov. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 26, 300–305 [in Chinese, with English summary].
Hu Shi‐xue. 2005. Taphonomy and palaeoecology of the Early Cambrian Chengjiang Biota from Eastern Yunnan, China. Berliner Paläobiologische Abhandlungen, 7, 1–197.
Wills, M.A., et al. 2012. The disparity of priapulid, archaeopriapulid and palaeoscolecid worms in the light of new data. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 25, 2056–2076.