Amplectobelua symbrachiata

双肢抱怪虫

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2D animation

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分类学

门: 节肢动物门(干群)

目:射齿目

科: 抱怪虫科

属:抱怪虫属

种: 双肢抱怪虫

描述:

       头部区域发育有一对用来抓取的粗壮前附肢、一对带柄的巨大复眼、圆形口器以及一个头甲复合体。头甲复合体由一个卵圆形的前甲和一对侧甲构成。前附肢由近体端的颈部和远体端的爪部构成。其中颈部具有3节,爪部具有12节。第1爪节上的内叶成对且过度膨大;其后的内叶较短,除第5内叶外,向远体端方向内叶长度逐渐变短;爪节上的内叶在奇数节上的长度大于偶数节上的长度。口后具有3对似颚基构造,它们表面上长有小的瘤突,远端边缘发育4根小刺。身体区域两侧发育9对桨状叶片以及3对尾扇。叶片的前部可见脉状构造。最后一个体节还发育有一对细长的尾支。

Taxonomy

Phylum: (stem-group) Arthropoda von Siebold, 1848

Order: Radiodonta Collins, 1996

Family: Amplectobeluidae Pates, Daley, Edgecombe, Cong & Lieberman, 2021

Genus: Amplectobelua Hou, Bergström & Ahlberg, 1995

Species: Amplectobelua symbrachiata Hou, Bergström & Ahlberg, 1995

Description: 

This taxon has a bilaterally symmetrical body with a non-mineralized exoskeleton. The head region bears one paired grasping frontal appendage, two compound eyes on stalks, a ventrally oriented circular mouth apparatus and a complex of non-mineralized carapaces consisting of one oval anterior carapace (H-element) and paired ovoid lateral carapaces (P-elements). Sturdy frontal appendages have three peduncle podomeres and 12 podomeres in the distal articulated region. Endite on proximal-most podomere in the articulated region (En1) paired and hypertrophied; endites on podomere 2 to 11 are short, alternate in size and decrease in size distally except for En5. P9 to P12 bear dorsal spines. Three pairs of gnathobase-like structures (GLSs) posterior to the circular mouth with small scale-like nodes on the blade, and four (pairs) of strong spines along the distal edge. The trunk region bears at least nine lateral swimming flaps with strengthening rays on anterior part only, and three paired tail fans. The last body segment also bears one pair of slender caudal rami.

年龄和产地

层位:玉案山段筇竹寺组,寒武纪第2统第3阶,Eoredlichia-Wutingaspis

主要产地: 中国云南东部澄江生物群,包括晋宁县二街镇,昆明海口镇尖山、马房。

Age & Localities

Period: Cambrian Series 2, Stage 3, Eoredlichia-Wutingaspis Zone (ca. 518 million years ago).

Principal localities: Chengjiang biota, eastern Yunnan Province, China, including Erjie at Jinning county; Jianshan, Mafang at Haikou town.

Reference:

Hou, X.-G., Bergström, J., Ahlberg, P., 1995. Anomalocaris and other large animals in the lower Cambrian Chengjiang fauna of southwest China. GFF 117, 163–183.

Cong, P.-Y. et al., 2017. The functional head of the Cambrian radiodontan (stem-group Euarthropoda) Amplectobelua symbrachiata. BMC Evol. Biol. 17, 208.

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